Radiata pine

RANGE: The species said to be a native of Monterey in California. Planted in New Zealand, Australia, South America and South Africa.

PROPERTIES: This tree growing fast and with wide annual rings, lumber occasionally not giving appearance of pines, large axial resin canals found.

USES: Mostly used for package and boxes, and also construction materials where no heaviness and hardness required. If not contacted with the ground, durability well, coating needed for outdoor use.

辐射松

产地：原产美国加利福尼亚，在新西兰、澳大利亚、南美洲和南非有栽培。原木及制材品主要来自新西兰和智利。

性状：与其他松木相比，该种树木因生长快，年轮宽，板材外观与其他松木不同。有大的轴向树脂道。

用途：通常用作包装用材及其他对承重和强度要求不高的建筑材，如不与地面接触，则耐久性很好，室外使用需油漆。

Pinus sylvestris

RANGE: Growing extensively in Europe, central Asia and Siberia. Evergreen coniferous tree and 20~45m in height and reaching 1.5m in diameter. One of the most important woods in Europe and much exported from Sweden, Finland, USSR, and Poland. Wood very similar to Red pine of Japan.

PROPERTIES: The name of Red wood originated in red brown color of heartwood. Unrelated to American red wood ( Sequoia sempervirens ).Various in nature by origin. USSR wood slow growing and with fine texture, and wood from southern Sweden, Europe, etc. Fast growing and heavy.

USES: Dry readily and well. Once dried stable in use General construction. Package, beams, fittings, temporary construction materials and pulp.

欧洲赤松（樟子松）

产地：广泛分布于欧洲、亚洲中部及西伯利亚。常绿针叶林，高20-45m，直径达1.5m ，是欧洲广泛应用的商品材之一。主要由瑞典、芬兰、俄罗斯及波兰输出。具有与日本赤松相似的材质。

性状：其“红木（red wood)”的名称来源于其红褐色的心材。与美国的“红木（red wood)”（即北美红杉）无关，材性根据产地不同而有明显不同。俄罗斯的欧洲赤松生长缓慢，结构细；生长于瑞典南部及欧洲等地的欧洲赤松，生长快，质重。

用途：易干燥，且干燥质量好，干燥后使用性能稳定。一般用于建筑、土木工程、包装箱、梁、装饰、临时性建筑材料和纸浆。

DOUGLAS FIR

RANGE: One of the most important species in the world and growing extensively in the western Part of North America. Crowing in Canada, America, Mexico.

PROPERTIES: With particular resinous odor when fresh. Annual rings distinct. Narrow annual ring wood called Yellow fir and wide called Red fir. These names derived from the color. Axial resin canals small.

USES: Houses ( boards and posts ) and plywood.

北美花旗松

产地：世界上最重要的树种之一，广泛分布于北美的西部。生长在加拿大、美国、墨西哥。

性状：生材具特别的树脂气味。年轮极明显。年轮窄的结合其色调常称作黄杉，宽的称作红杉。轴向上树脂道小。

用途：房屋及建筑物（板材和柱子）、胶合板（作为结构用合板非常优良）。

Pinus ponderosa

RANGE: This species growing most extensively in North America, from British Columbia to Durango in Mexico.

PROPERTIES: With axial resin canals. And with dimple grain on flatsawn face but so prominent as Lodge-pole pine.

USES: package, frames, woodworking, sashes, doors, interior, panels, houses rafters, posts, door-sills, etc.（heavy and resinous wood with wide annual rings), coffins, joinery, poles and veneer.

西黄松

产地：在北美分布最广泛的松树，包括从加拿大的大不列颠哥伦比亚省到墨西哥的杜兰戈地区。

性状：有轴向树脂道。在弦切面上有窝状纹理，但没有扭叶松那么显著。

用途：包装用材、框架、木制品、门窗、室内装饰、嵌板、房椽、柱子、门等房屋建筑材料（密度大、树脂多且具有年轮宽）、细木工板、杆和单板。

Larch (Larix gmelini)

RANGE: Growing extensively in Sakhalin, the Kurile Is., Littoral Province and Siberia. Deciduous coniferous tree. Up to 30 m in height and 1250px in diameter.

PROPERTIES: Frequently with defects: bark pocket, resin pocket, compression failure, and slightly odorous, With small axial resin canals, not visible to naked eyes.

USES: Dry readily and prone to warp. Once dried moderately stable in use. Very resinous and resistant to water and rot. General construction, utility poles, railway sleeper, props, temporary construction materials and pulp.

落叶松

产地：广泛地生长于库页岛、千岛群岛、沿海省和西伯利亚。落叶松高达30米，直径50厘米。

性状：常见缺陷：内夹皮，树脂囊，应力木缺陷，有轻微的香气，有小的轴向树脂道。肉眼下不可见。

用途：干燥过快易翘曲。干燥后，使用性能稳定。树脂含量高，有耐水、耐腐等特性。一般用于建筑、电杆、枕木、道具、临时性土木工程材料和纸浆。

Spruce (Picea)

RANGE: Growing From southern Alaska to north-western California.

PROPERTIES: Annual rings clear. Early wood generally consisting of 1/2~2/3 of annual rings, gradually changing to late wood. Axial resin canals small but visible in late wood.

USES: Pulp, boxes, frames, general construction, woodworking (flooring, siding, ceiling, doors, blinds, etc.), airplanes,musical instrument (especially sounding boards of pianos), cabinets, ships, railroad coaches, furniture, wares, kegs and ladders.

云杉

产地：广泛生长于太平洋沿岸阿拉斯加州南部到加利福尼亚州西北部地区。

性状：年轮明显。早材宽通常占1/2～2/3年轮，早晚材缓变。轴向树脂道小，但肉眼下在晚材中可见。

用途：纸浆、箱盒、框架、普通建筑、木制品（地板、铁路用材、天花板、门、窗帘等），航空用材、乐器（尤其钢琴用的音板，用窄年轮者）、橱柜、船、车厢、家具、器皿、桶和梯子。

Hemlock(Tsuga)

RANGE: Growing from Kenai Pan. in Alaska to north-western California along the Pacific Coast.

PROPERTIES: Heartwood not distinct, white or pale yellow brown. Late wood often rosy, purple or red brown. Several annual rings near bark almost white. Dark streaks often seen, which made by larvae of small black flies. Sometimes white deposits like chalk noticeable on wood surface.

USES: General construction, siding, ceiling, flooring, fittings, boxes, frames, railroad coaches, kegs and ladders.

铁杉

产地：从阿拉斯加州的基奈半岛到加利福尼亚州西北部的太平洋沿岸均有分布。

性状：心、边材区别不明显，白色或浅黄褐色。晚材常带玫瑰色、紫色或红褐色。接近树皮的数年轮近白色。时常看到称髓斑的深条纹，由小的蝇类昆虫的幼虫所致。有时在木材表面上有明显的粉笔状白色沉淀物。

用途：一般建筑、铁路用材、天花板、地板、装饰、盒箱、框架、车厢、小桶和梯子。

Southern Yellow Pine(Pinusspp)

RANGE: Growing in the southern United States

USES: All cork trees have the most tough material, are not easy to be damaged by the impact and are extremely resistant to wear. Due to the unique structure and performance of the southern pine, it is widely used in various types of structural construction purposes under various conditions. Southern pine as the world's top structural timber".

南方黄松

产地：生长于美国南部地区

用途：所有软木树种中具有最强韧材质，不易受碰撞损伤并极为耐磨。由于南方松无与伦比的结构性能，被广泛地用于各条件下的各种类型的结构建筑用途。被誉为“世界顶级结构用材”。